Chapter 5: Infertility, Contraception & Abortion Care

Infertility, Contraception & Abortion Care begins by defining infertility as a prolonged period without conception and distinguishes it from absolute sterility, while categorizing cases into primary and secondary classifications,. The text details the physiological requirements for successful reproduction, highlighting that both male and female factors—including hormonal balance, tubal patency, and sperm quality—contribute to overall fecundity,. Diagnostic evaluations such as semen analysis, hysterosalpingography, and laparoscopy are explored, alongside advanced interventional strategies like assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT),. Transitioning to family planning, the chapter evaluates the effectiveness of birth control methods by comparing theoretical and typical failure rates,. It covers a wide spectrum of options ranging from long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) like intrauterine devices and implants to hormonal, barrier, and fertility awareness-based methods,. Furthermore, permanent sterilization techniques such as vasectomy and tubal ligation are discussed in terms of their surgical approach and nursing considerations,. The final section addresses the purposeful interruption of pregnancy, detailing surgical aspiration and medical regimens involving mifepristone and misoprostol for first-trimester terminations, as well as dilation and evacuation for second-trimester procedures. Throughout, the text emphasizes the nurse’s essential role in providing nonjudgmental emotional support, accurate patient education, and advocacy for diverse family structures.